Whole grain consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all cause and cause specific mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Aune, Keum, Giovannucci, et al. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2016.
Study design: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 45 prospective studies (64 publications) on whole grain intake.
- Each additional 90 g of whole grains per day (about three servings) was associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (RR 0.81).
- Cardiovascular disease risk was also lower (RR 0.78), as was all-cause mortality (RR 0.83).
- Risk reductions were seen up to an intake of 210 to 225 g per day.
- There was little or no association for refined grains, white rice, or total grains.
What it means for your product: What is linked to benefit is whole grains, not just any grain. This is an important reason to state the whole grain content of a premix.









